parenting

Student Doesn't Understand Why Plagiarism Is Cheating

A+ Advice for Parents by by Leanna Landsmann
by Leanna Landsmann
A+ Advice for Parents | April 14th, 2014

Q: My 7th-grade daughter got a zero on a report because her teacher says almost all of it was "stolen from the Internet." My daughter says everyone does it and doesn't see why it's cheating. Don't schools teach students research skills? She'll need to know that for college.

A: Never mind college; she needs to learn now about plagiarism. Teens are so used to sharing information online that many don't understand that they can't just grab a photo, poem or paragraph, and then weave it into an assignment and pass the work off as their own.

Yes, schools do teach proper research and writing practices. Educators from the elementary grades through high school incorporate research and attribution skills into media literacy lessons and specific classes such as social studies and language arts.

Many schools have crafted explicit policies to combat plagiarism. For example, the policy at White Station Middle School in Memphis, Tenn., provides "students with guidelines to enable academic judgment, develop integrity, and preserve honor." It spells out how to give proper credit to another's work and outlines consequences for failing to do so. (Go to www.scsk12.org/schools/whitestation.ms/site/index.shtml and click on the "WSMS Plagiarism Policy" link.)

Teaching students how to do research without plagiarizing is part of the Common Core State Standards. The Grade 8 English Language Arts Standards state that students will learn to "gather relevant information from multiple print and digital sources, using search terms effectively; assess the credibility and accuracy of each source; and quote or paraphrase the data and conclusions of others while avoiding plagiarism and following a standard format for citation."

Award-winning California middle-school teacher Heather Wolpert-Gawron is aware of the challenge. "How do we as educators help students respect other people's work and not abuse it in this era of accessible information?" she writes in a blog post at edutopia.org. "The answer is, of course, to teach ethical academic behavior in a targeted way, to model it yourself and to hold students accountable."

She has created a terrific online scavenger hunt that teaches online ethics. The "hunt" leads students to a definition of ethics, a quiz to test "netiquette savvy," and Internet explorations through links to Creation Commons, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Library and the Library of Congress.

The final step in the hunt "is a contract of sorts," writes Wolpert-Gawron, where students type their names, stating that they "understand that every image and piece of music must be cited on every project from here on in throughout this school year."

Find Wolpert-Gawron's scavenger hunt on her blog post, "Common Core in Action: Teaching Online Ethics," at edutopia.org.

It's always been a parent's job to teach kids that appropriating the work of others is cheating. It's just a little harder in today's online world.

To make it easier, Wolpert-Gawron has written a fun teacher resource, "Internet Literacy, Grades 6-8" (Teacher Created Resources, 2010). It shows teens how to read through layers of links and use reliable research methods; it also covers "netiquette," online ethics, safety, privacy and laws. There are also tips for networking, collaborating and contributing online.

You might be surprised how much you both can learn from this little volume!

(Do you have a question about your child's education? Email it to Leanna@aplusadvice.com. Leanna Landsmann is an education writer who began her career as a classroom teacher. She has served on education commissions, visited classrooms in 49 states to observe best practices, and founded Principal for a Day in New York City.)

parenting

Teenager's Suicide Leaves Couple's Daughter Distraught

A+ Advice for Parents by by Leanna Landsmann
by Leanna Landsmann
A+ Advice for Parents | April 7th, 2014

Q: Two teens in our community committed suicide recently. One was our daughter's friend and she's still very distraught, even though she had counseling at school. I think she's depressed and needs more counseling. My husband doesn't. He skipped the funeral because he said it "celebrated cowardice." I want our daughter to see a psychologist, but he thinks that talking about it can rationalize suicide. What to do?

A: Get the referral. "Many teenagers need support to understand the grieving process and move on in a healthy way," says adolescent psychologist Stephen Wallace, director of the Center for Adolescent Research and Education (CARE) at Susquehanna University in Selinsgrove, Pa.

When a community loses a young person to suicide, parents should make an explicit effort to talk with their teens about what happened. Yet some worry that they'll plant the idea of suicide simply by raising it in conversation.

"This is false and inhibits vital dialogue and leaves young people at greater risk," says Wallace.

Counseling can help. But don't ask the counselor to do all the work. Continue to observe and talk with your daughter. While no studies show that suicide is contagious, "suicides among youth may be suggestive to those already contemplating self-harm. Most teens are not -- they're simply trying to grapple with something very hard to understand," says Wallace.

What do you say to your daughter? "Reinforce your love and genuine concern for her health, safety and welfare," suggests Wallace. "Reassure her that her feelings about the loss are normal. She also needs to hear that things will get better.

"Young people, short on life experience, often believe that the way they feel when distressed or depressed might be the way they will feel forever. It's critical to explain that all people, at some point in their lives, experience loss and emotional pain, and that there's a light at the end of the tunnel she can't see yet. Assure her that counseling can help."

A good counselor can determine whether your daughter is depressed and if she is, suggest appropriate treatments, advises Wallace.

Ninety percent of people who attempt suicide suffer from psychological ailments, and there are effective treatments for most of them, says Alan Berman, former president of the International Association for Suicide Prevention.

Teen suicides are a serious national problem. "It's the third leading cause of death for 15- to 24-year-olds, and the sixth for 5- to 14-year-olds," says Wallace.

Wallace urges parents and teachers to look for signs such as declining school performance; social problems; substance abuse; neglect of appearance and responsibilities; appearing or talking about feeling sad, hopeless, bored or overwhelmed; outbursts, severe anger or irritability; talking about feeling anxious or worried; losing interest in activities; and hurting oneself, such as cutting or severe dieting. (For more information, go to the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry website, aacap.org.)

Experts believe that most youth suicides are the result of temporary feelings of helplessness -- things we can identify and help with if we are observant and stay in close touch with our kids.

"Suicide isn't contagious, but it is preventable," says Wallace.

(Do you have a question about your child's education? Email it to Leanna@aplusadvice.com. Leanna Landsmann is an education writer who began her career as a classroom teacher. She has served on education commissions, visited classrooms in 49 states to observe best practices, and founded Principal for a Day in New York City.)

parenting

Encourage Kids' Development in Math With Games and Books

A+ Advice for Parents by by Leanna Landsmann
by Leanna Landsmann
A+ Advice for Parents | March 31st, 2014

Q: I often hear moms say that their daughters struggle with math in later grades. I don't have the "math gene," but I never want my preschool daughter to hate math. How can I develop her interest?

A: Stop saying you don't have the math gene. There's no such thing. It's a myth that boys are destined to do better in math. Thanks to efforts that focus on girls, gender gaps in math achievement have rapidly declined over the last few decades.

The achievement gap between girls and boys isn't because of differences in innate math skills, say researchers, but because of how math is taught. Girls are often given less encouragement to develop their abilities, says Jo Boaler, a professor of mathematics education at Stanford University and co-founder of YouCubed (youcubed.org), a nonprofit that provides mathematics education resources to K-12 educators and parents.

To help girls (and boys) develop a foundation for math success, here are some tips:

-- Talk numbers every chance you get: When filling a grocery basket, say, "We need 1, 2, 3 pints of yogurt." Call out page numbers as you read books. Repeat the weather report: "It is 55 degrees now and it will be 70 degrees -- that's 15 degrees warmer -- after school." When driving, note, "On that road, we went 55 mph. Now the speed limit is 35 mph. We're going 20 mph slower."

Number talk helps develop number sense, which math educator Marilyn Burns describes as "knowing what each number represents and what its relationship is to others."

-- Read math-themed kids' books: Children's librarians can point you to many wonderful picture books that use humor, compelling characters and illustrations to motivate kids to think mathematically. Holiday House publishes many delightful math-related books for young readers, including several by former math teacher David A. Adler. Recent books of his include "Triangles" (Holiday House, 2014) and "Millions, Billions and Trillions: Understanding Big Numbers" (Holiday House, 2013).

Burns has authored or co-authored various math-themed children's books, including "How Many Feet? How Many Tails? A Book of Math Riddles" (Scholastic, 1996); "Spaghetti And Meatballs For All!" (Scholastic, 2008); and "The 512 Ants On Sullivan Street" (Scholastic, 1997). For a list of Burns-recommended math-concept books by grade, see the Chart of Children's Literature at www.mathsolutions.com.

-- Highlight everyday math every day: "When you cook, kids can't help but learn fractions," says Laura Overdeck, the advisory board chair for Johns Hopkins' Center for Talented Youth. "When playing with Legos, ask 'How many bumps does that piece have?' to get them multiplying the width and length of a block. When kids run and jump, quantify their feats of speed and strength: How many feet can they kick that ball? How many seconds to run cross the yard?"

-- Enjoy it! To emphasize that math can be funny and whimsical, Overdeck added math puzzles and riddles to her kids' bedtime reading. She compiled them into two books, "Bedtime Math" (Feiwel & Friends, 2013) and "Bedtime Math 2" (Feiwel & Friends, 2014), to get kids into math "one puzzle at a time," she says.

Find more resources and a daily math problem at www.bedtimemath.org.

(Do you have a question about your child's education? Email it to Leanna@aplusadvice.com. Leanna Landsmann is an education writer who began her career as a classroom teacher. She has served on education commissions, visited classrooms in 49 states to observe best practices, and founded Principal for a Day in New York City.)

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